Tag Archives: Horizon

Ovarian cancer gene discovered

A single genetic fault in a gene that normally helps the body to repair its DNA increases a woman’s risk of ovarian cancer six-fold, a study has found.

One in every 11 women who carry the faulty gene is likely to develop ovarian cancer at some point in her life compared with a typical risk of about one in 70 for women in the general population, scientists said.

Cancer Research UK, the cancer charity that funded the study, said that the landmark discovery by British scientists is the most important breakthrough in understanding the genetics of ovarian cancer for more than a decade.

The research involved analysing the genomes of more than 900 families affected by hereditary breast and ovarian cancer to see if they carry any genetic faults that could account for their higher risk of developing the disease compared with the general population. About 6,500 women in the UK are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year – the fifth most common cancer – and the scientists estimated that between 40 and 50 of these women are likely to carry faults in a DNA-repair gene known as RAD51D.

Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer

It is known that RAD51D is one of a number of genes that is involved with repairing DNA when it is damaged by, for instance, chemicals in the environment. If RAD51D is itself damaged, then it cannot repair DNA mutations that can lead to the cell becoming cancerous.

“Women with a fault in RAD51D gene have a one in 11 chance of developing ovarian cancer. At this level of risk, women may wish to consider having their ovaries removed after having children to prevent ovarian cancer occurring,” said Professor Nazneen Rahman of the Institute of Cancer Research in London.

The study, published in the journal Nature Genetics, suggests that drugs known as Parp inhibitors which were originally designed to treat breast, ovarian and prostate cancers triggered by faults in another gene, called BRCA1, may also be effective against RAD51D faults.

“There is also real hope on the horizon that drugs specifically targeted to the gene will be available,” said Professor Rahman. Scientists hope to develop a test for the faulty gene which can be used to identify patients who would benefit from such drugs.


Harpal Kumar, chief executive of Cancer Research UK, said: “Survival from ovarian cancer has almost doubled in the last 30 years. This landmark discovery is another piece of the jigsaw deepening our understanding of the disease. We hope this will have a significant impact in providing more personalised treatments for patients based on their genetic make-up, saving more lives from ovarian cancer.”

Louise Bayne, chief executive of the ovarian cancer charity Ovacome, said: “This new discovery is greatly welcomed by the ovarian cancer community, as it helps to unravel a little more of the complicated ovarian cancer story and offers hope for better treatments in the future.”

Coast

Have been watching this lately, fascinating program by the BBC.

The Coast team have complementary skills, meaning that between them they can investigate anything from exploring the connection between a coastal village and the birth of deep coal mining in Britain; go in search of the biggest sharks in British waters; examine an 1800 year old skeleton to tell us more an ancient community; discover evidence of a tsunami that once devastated this coast and investigate an engineering project where soon a fifth of our gas will be shipped in from the gulf.

The full series to date in one boxset is an ideal purchase. The format remains largely the same from start to finish of providing a half-dozen or so segments in which various presenters look at a stretch of the British coast and then delve deeper to uncover various historical tales, some well-known some less so. Although personal tastes mean that some of the presenters, and their subject matters, are informative and interesting while others are irritating, the fact that another segment comes along soon ensures you never get bored. In fact the series presents a perfect example of how to avoid being dumbed down by presenting just enough interesting detail at a sensible length without being too cloying in the attempt to be educational in a populist way.

Coast

The Coast team

Coast is a BBC documentary series first broadcast on BBC Two television in 2005. A second series started on 26 October 2006, a third in spring 2007 and a fourth in the summer of 2009. It covers various subjects relating to both the natural and social history of the British and Northern Irish coastline and also more recently that of the Republic of Ireland, Norway, Faeroe Islands and France. A fifth series was filmed later in 2009. The series is a collaboration between the Open University and BBC Productions, Birmingham.

The presenters, and their fields of interest, are:

* Nicholas Crane (main presenter, series 1) — geography
* Alice Roberts — anthropology and geology
* Neil Oliver (main presenter, series 2-5) — archaeology and social history
* Mark Horton — marine archaeology
* Miranda Krestovnikoff — zoology

In addition, Dick Strawbridge and Hermione Cockburn presented one item each in the second and third series. Both are regular presenters in the fourth series.

All but one of the episodes in the first series ended with Nicholas Crane stating that in the British Isles, “Remember, you are never more than 72 miles from the sea!”

Neil Oliver

Neil Oliver

Series 1 started at the White Cliffs of Dover and progressed in a clockwise fashion around the coast of Great Britain (with a side trip to Northern Ireland). Series 2 again started at Dover but subsequent episodes have not followed series 1 in circumnavigating the UK coast, instead featuring various locations, including sections of the coast of the Republic of Ireland. Series 4 reintroduced the circular element, starting at Whitstable and ending at Hull, though with visits to Ireland, Normandy and Norway as well.


The first four series have been released on Region 2 DVD by Contender Home Entertainment. Series 1 has been packaged in a box set with A Picture of Britain, and also in a box set with Series 2. Series 5 will be released on 13 Sept 2010.

Series four and five is simulcast on the BBC HD channel.

Extracts from the programme are often used as filler items on BBC Two, for example following a fifty-minute documentary programme such as The Natural World or Horizon, to allow the next full programme to begin on the hour. As the aerial shots from the Coast programmes are made in high-definition, they are also used in this way on BBC HD.

coast3-lancastria

The Lancashire coastline

As of August 2010, episodes from the first series are being shown on Yesterday.

Series 5 is being shown overseas (e.g. in New Zealand on the Living Channel) before being shown on the BBC.

Series 1: 2005

1. Dover to Exmouth: 5 June
2. Exmouth to Bristol: 12 June
3. Bristol to Cardigan Bay aka the Severn Estuary to Aberystwyth: 19 June
4. Cardigan Bay to the Dee aka Aberystwyth to the Wirral: 26 June
5. Liverpool to the Solway Firth aka Liverpool to Carlisle: 3 July
6. Northern Ireland: 10 July
7. West Coast of Scotland and the Western Isles aka the Solway Firth to Skye: 17 July
8. Cape Wrath to Orkney aka Skye to Wick: 24 July
9. John O’Groats to Berwick aka John O’Groats to the Firth of Forth: 31 July
10. Berwick to Whitby aka Berwick to Robin Hood’s Bay: 7 August
11. Robins Hood’s Bay to Hunstanton: 14 August
12. Hunstanton to Dover: 21 August
13. Highlights: 28 August

Series 2: 2006

1. Dover to Isle of Wight: 29 October
2. Holyhead to Liverpool: 5 November
3. Arran to Gretna: 12 November
4. Cornwall & the Isles of Scilly: 19 November
5. Dublin to Derry: 26 November
6. Tyneside/Wearside to Hull aka Newcastle to Hull: 3 December
7. The Outer Hebrides: 10 December
8. Felixstowe to Margate: 17 December

Series 3: 2007

1. Shetland to Orkney: 27 May
2. Bournemouth to Plymouth: 3 June
3. Southport to Whitehaven (including the Isle of Man): 10 June
4. Cardiff to St David’s: 17 June
5. Berwick-upon-Tweed to Aberdeen: 24 June
6. Galway to Baltimore: 1 July
7. King’s Lynn to Felixstowe: 8 July
8. Channel Islands to Dover: 15 July

coast2-lancastria

Series 4: 2009

1. Whitstable to Isle of Wight: 14 July
2. France – Cap Gris-Nez to Mont Saint-Michel: 21 July
3. Land’s End to Porthcawl: 28 July
4. Cork to Dublin: 4 August
5. Anglesey to Blackpool: 11 August
6. Inner Hebrides to Faroe Islands: 18 August
7. Norway – Lillesand to Svalbard: 25 August
8. Rosyth to Hull: 1 September

Series 5: 2010

1. Heart of the British Isles – A Grand Tour – Sun 25 July 2010
2. Swanage to Land’s End – Wed 28 July 2010
3. Brittany – Wed 4 August 2010
4. The Gower to Anglesey – Sun 8 August 2010
5. Galway to Arranmore Island – Wed 11 August 2010
6. Glasgow to Edinburgh via the Caledonian Canal – Wed 18 August 2010
7. Skagen, Denmark – Wed 4 August 2010 (NZ Living)
8. The Humber to the Thames – Wed 11 August 2010 (NZ Living)