Tag Archives: intestine

Daily jab may treat obesity

A simple once-a-day injection, which is already used to treat diabetics, shows promise to fight the global obesity crisis, a new study has suggested.

In trials of the drug, the patients had shed at least half a stone (7lb). One apparently lost up to four stone after taking the treatment.

The hormone, called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is secreted from the intestine when we eat and is the body’s natural way of ­suppressing appetite, the Daily Express reported.

“These new injections really have the potential for revolutionising treatment. Safety-wise they are pretty good,” Dr David Haslam, chairman of the National Obesity Forum, said.

“I am using them on my patients and have had a lot of ­success. For some they have been dramatically successful, with one losing about four stone and having blood sugar under control for the first time ever.”

Obesity

Obesity

Researchers at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark evaluated the results of 25 trials involving over 6,000 patients to assess the effect of GLP-1 on weight loss, blood pressure, cholesterol and liver enzyme levels, as well as blood sugar control.

They found that patients given a daily dose for at least 20 weeks attained weight loss of half a stone.


Though, common side-effects included nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea but researchers asserted that it did not appear to affect the numbers dropping out of the trials, implying that overall patient ­satisfaction with the treatment is relatively high.

“Our analysis provides convincing evidence that GLP-1 chemicals, when given to obese patients with or without diabetes, result in clinically relevant beneficial effects on body weight,” Professor Tina Vilsboll, who led the research said.

“Additional beneficial effects on blood pressure and total cholesterol might also be achieved,” Vilsboll added.

Cancer treatment hope

A protein that plays a major role in tumour spread could pave the way to new cancer treatments, research suggests.

In laboratory tests, scientists showed that blocking the protein, periostin, prevented the formation of secondary cancers.

Rather than focusing on cancer cells themselves, the researchers in Switzerland looked at the environment around tumours.

They found several conditions necessary for ‘metastatic’ – or spreading – cancer to propagate.

‘In particular, we were able to isolate a protein, periostin, in the niches where metastases develop,’ said study leader Dr Joerg Huelsken, from the Swiss Centre for Experimental Cancer Research in Lausanne.

‘Without this protein, the cancer stem cell cannot initiate metastasis; instead, it disappears or remains dormant.’

The research is published today in an early online edition of the journal Nature.

Cancer cell

Cancer cell

Periostin exists naturally in the ‘extracellular matrix’, the connective tissue filling the gaps between cells. It has been shown to play a role in foetal development.

In adults, it is only active in specific parts of the body such as the mammary glands, bones, skin and intestine.

The scientists showed that mice bred to lack periostin avoided metastatic cancer.


They went on to develop an antibody that attaches to the protein, rendering it dysfunctional.

‘We are hoping in this way to be able to block the process of metastasis formation,’ said Dr Huelsken.

Very few side effects were seen in the treated mice, but Dr Huelsken cautioned: ‘This doesn’t necessarily mean the same will hold true in humans.

‘We’re not even sure that we’ll be able to find an equivalent antibody that will work in humans.’

Most cancer deaths are caused by metastatic spread to vital organs such as the liver or brain.